IP Addres

IP addresses are numeric addresses which identify logical and gives the address specified to participate in a computer device that utilizes the internet network protocol to communicate between nodes. IP address originally assigned 32-bit number that is now known as IPv4, but because of the many users and the rapid pertmbuhan internet then the IP address space running low. Therefore created a new system (IPv6), menggunkaan 128-bit to address the last developed in 1995 RFC 2460 standard in 1998. Although the IP address is a binary number but are usually displayed in the form of notation example 192.168.1.1 (IPv4). IP addresses have the following characteristics "name indicates what we seek and show the address where and also shows how the route there. Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), which manages the global IP address space allocation, IANA in cooperation with five Regional Internet Registries (RIRs ) allocate local IP addresses to the internet (internet service provider) ISP
IP addresses are categorized into two namely:

1. Private Address

Private Address is the address used on private networks, and are not visible on the Internet. They are often used with network address translators to connect to the global public Internet.
2. Public address

Public Address it is the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) registered address is visible on the Internet.

IP version 6 

IP version 6 (IPv6 addresses are often called) is a type of network addressing used in the network protocol TCP / IP using the IP protocol version 6. Total length is 128-bit, and theoretically can put address of up to 3.4 x 2128 = 1038 host computers around the world. Examples of IP version 6 address is 21DA: 00D3: 0000:2 F3B: 02AA: 00FF: FE28: 9C5A.
 

IP Address Assignment Methods 

IP addresses can occur through one of the following ways:- Assign IP addresses dynamically via Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP): IP address assigned by DHCP server is considered as an IP address dynamically assigned. DHCP servers provide IP addresses are determined from the IP address ranges.- Set the IP address manually: assign IP addresses manually can be time consuming, and can lead to duplicated IP address assignment. IP addresses manually usually occurs when there is no DHCP server on the network configuration and network available multiple network segments or the computer has a static IP address or the user to configure the computers on the network server is as important as the domain controller or DNS server.- Assign IP addresses automatically through Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA): APIPA can be used as an alternative when no DHCP server to assign IP addresses out dynamically. APIPA works well on smaller networks, if the computer is used on more than one network.
 

Special IP addresses

Some IP addresses specifically for a particular purpose.1. Network segment to the address specified zeros/0s: Indicates network or subnet (local network). 

2. Network segment to the address specified ones/1s: Indicates this network and all associated subnets. 

3. Address is used for loopback testing.

4. Host address of all zeros/0s: Address is usually used in the routing table, and when the reference network, but not particular hosts on the network. 

5. Host address of all ones/1s: This is used as a broadcast address to all nodes on a particular network.